Although ACM’s emphasis involved working with communities, there was an express concern with both the people and the environment. Many of the activities undertaken by communities were designed to manage their resources more effectively and benignly.

In 2007, CIFOR began working with the World Agroforestry Centre on a project called ‘Integrating livelihoods and multiple biodiversity values in landscape mosaics’. The project involved participatory action research as well as more conventional, empirical research in five sites around the world: Cameroon, Indonesia, Laos, Madagascar, and Tanzania. This work builds on ACM in its focus on people in their environment; and it builds on CAPRI in its dual use of participatory action research at the village and district levels. The landscape mosaics project is trying to develop tools that will facilitate good management and governance in the protection of biodiversity, at landscape levels.

One product that has been evolving is a book of various methods that can contribute to biodiversity conservation in landscape mosaics. The results of the field studies in the five countries will feed into the process of improving this draft, in an iterative manner.

An early publication is:

Pfund, J.-L; Koponen, P.; O’Connor, T.; Boffa, J.-M; van Noordwijk, M. and Sorg J.-P. 2008. Biodiversity conservation and sustainable livelihoods in tropical forest landscapes. In Lafortezza, R; Chen, J.; Sanesi, G.; and Crow, T. R. (eds). Patterns and processes in forest landscapes. 297-322. Springer Verlag.

Link to Biodiversity Platform website