BAU

business as usual

BPS

Badan Pusat Statistik (Central Bureau of Statistics, Indonesia)

(t)C

(tons of) carbon

CAR

Cadastro Ambiental Rural (Rural Environmental Registry, Brazil)

CCBA

Climate, Community and Biodiversity Alliance

CDM

Clean Development Mechanism

CFM

community forest management

CIFOR

Center for International Forestry Research

CIFOR-GCS

CIFOR’s Global Comparative Study on REDD+

(t)CO2

(tons of) carbon dioxide

(t)CO2e

(tons of) carbon dioxide equivalent

COP

Conference of the Parties

ERC

ecosystem restoration concession (Indonesia)

FPIC

free, prior and informed consent

FSC

Forest Stewardship Council

GDP

gross domestic product

GHG

greenhouse gas

ha

hectare

IBAMA

Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources)

ICDP

integrated conservation and development project

INCRA

Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária (National Institute of Colonization and Land Reform, Brazil)

ITTO

International Tropical Timber Organization

LIPI

Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (Indonesian Institute of Science)

masl

meters above sea level

MoFor

Ministry of Forestry (Indonesia)

MRV

measurement, reporting and verification

NGO

nongovernmental organization

NTFP

non-timber forest product

PDD

project design document

PES

payment for environmental (or ecosystem) services

PFM

participatory forest management

PNPM

Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (National Program for Community Empowerment, Indonesia)

REDD+

reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, and enhancing forest carbon stocks

REL

reference emission level

RNE

Royal Norwegian Embassy (Tanzania)

SBSTA

Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice

SEMA

Secretaria de Estado do Meio Ambiente (State Environmental Secretariat, Brazil)

TNC

The Nature Conservancy

UNFCCC

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

VCS

Verified Carbon Standard (formerly known as Voluntary Carbon Standard)

WWF

World Wildlife Fund/World Wide Fund for Nature