Building permeable structures. Photo by Nanang Sujana
Adaptation context
Northern Java’s deltaic shorelines suffer from land subsidence and severe erosion, in some places more than three kilometers of land has already been taken by the sea. This is mainly caused by removal of mangrove belts, unsustainable coastal infrastructure and aquaculture and groundwater extraction. Catastrophic flooding occurs during high tides, storm surges and periods of excessive rainfall. In the long term, over…